Table of Contents
Executive Summary
The Revelation: The same architecture that solves 40 years of X12 EDI problems is exactly what decentralized systems need.
We didn't design SDC4 for blockchain—blockchain didn't exist when we started. But we designed it for:
- ✅ Data integrity (trustless validation)
- ✅ Semantic clarity (no ambiguity)
- ✅ Eternal interoperability (cross-chain compatibility)
- ✅ Provenance (who created what, when)
These are precisely the requirements for Web3.
This document demonstrates how the same Purchase Order that works for Walmart and Target also works on Ethereum, Solana, and any future blockchain—with schema validation, cryptographic proof, and cross-chain interoperability built in.
The Bridge: Traditional EDI → Hybrid Systems → Pure Decentralized Commerce
Table of Contents
- The Unexpected Convergence
- Web3's Data Problem
- The Same Purchase Order, Three Environments
- Smart Contract Integration Examples
- Schema Validation in Trustless Systems
- The Oracle Problem: Solved
- Cross-Chain Interoperability
- Supply Chain Finance Use Case
- Transition Roadmap
- Why Now?
- Next Steps
The Unexpected Convergence
A 25-Year Journey
2000-2010: Healthcare informatics research
- ISO 13606 dual model architecture
- openEHR reference model development
- Core insight: Separate structure from semantics
2010-2020: SDC4 specification development
- ~20 structural types (XdString, XdQuantity, XdTemporal, Cluster, etc.)
- Ontology integration via URI references
- Built-in provenance (Attestation, Participation)
- Design goal: Data immortality, eternal interoperability
2020-2025: Enterprise validation
- NIEM government data exchange
- FHIR healthcare interoperability
- X12 commercial EDI
- Proof: Architecture works at scale
2008: Bitcoin launched (we didn't know it would matter) 2015: Ethereum launched (smart contracts arrived) 2020: DeFi explosion (Web3 goes mainstream) 2025: The convergence - SDC4's principles are what Web3 desperately needs
The Architectural Match
What SDC4 Provides:
| SDC4 Feature | Why It Matters for Web3 |
|---|---|
| Structure/Semantics Separation | Same data model works on any blockchain |
| XSD Schema Validation | On-chain or zero-knowledge proof validation |
| CUID2 Component IDs | Content-addressable, perfect for IPFS/Arweave |
| Ontology URI References | Cross-chain semantic interoperability |
| Attestation Model | Maps to blockchain signatures/multi-sig |
| Participation Model | Built-in provenance for audit trails |
| Version Coexistence | Historical data accessible forever (blockchain requirement!) |
It's not opportunistic. It's destiny.
Web3's Data Problem: The Same Chaos, Worse
Current Reality: Every dApp Invents Its Own Schema
Ethereum Purchase Order dApp:
struct PurchaseOrder {
address buyer;
string itemId; // What does this mean?
uint256 quantity;
uint256 price; // What currency?
uint256 deliveryDate;
}
Solana Purchase Order dApp:
pub struct PurchaseOrder {
pub buyer: Pubkey,
pub item: String, // Different field name!
pub qty: u64, // Different name again!
pub amount: u64, // Is this total or unit price?
pub ship_date: i64, // Unix timestamp? Date string?
}
Cardano Purchase Order dApp (Plutus):
data PurchaseOrder = PurchaseOrder
{ poFrom :: PubKeyHash
, poProduct :: ByteString
, poQty :: Integer
, poValue :: Value
}
Problems:
- ❌ No cross-chain compatibility
- ❌ No semantic validation
- ❌ No data provenance standard
- ❌ Oracle problem: How to verify off-chain data?
- ❌ Every developer invents their own schema
This is X12 implementation guide hell, but for blockchain!
What Web3 Needs
- Standard Data Schemas - So dApps can interoperate
- Validation Before Execution - Prevent garbage from entering contracts
- Semantic Clarity - What does this field actually mean?
- Provenance - Who created this data? Can we trust it?
- Cross-Chain Compatibility - Same data on Ethereum, Solana, Cosmos, etc.
SDC4 provides all of this.
The Same Purchase Order, Three Environments
Environment 1: Traditional X12 EDI
Walmart sends to supplier:
ST*850*0001~
BEG*00*NE*PO123456**20251103~
N1*ST*ACME WAREHOUSE*92*9876543210~
PO1*1*100*EA*12.50*PE*BP*0001234567890~
SE*12*0001~
Processed via: VAN (Value-Added Network), AS2/SFTP transport, EDI translation software
Environment 2: SDC4 Instance (Modern)
Same purchase order:
<sdc4:dm-po8q9r2s56789 xmlns:sdc4="https://semanticdatacharter.com/ns/sdc4/">
<dm-label>Purchase Order 850 - Walmart</dm-label>
<sdc4:ms-ab1k2m5p78901><!-- Header Cluster -->
<label>Purchase Order Header</label>
<sdc4:ms-bc2l3n6q89012>
<label>Purchase Order Number</label>
<xdstring-value>PO123456</xdstring-value>
</sdc4:ms-bc2l3n6q89012>
<!-- ... full structure as shown in previous doc ... -->
</sdc4:ms-ab1k2m5p78901>
</sdc4:dm-po8q9r2s56789>
Processed via: Direct HTTP/REST, message queue, cloud storage, validated against XSD schema
Environment 3: Smart Contract (Web3)
Same purchase order, blockchain representation:
On-Chain (Ethereum):
// Simplified representation for gas efficiency
struct PurchaseOrderHash {
bytes32 schemaHash; // Hash of XSD schema (dm-po8q9r2s56789)
bytes32 instanceHash; // Hash of complete SDC4 XML instance
address buyer; // Ethereum address of buyer
address supplier; // Ethereum address of supplier
uint256 totalAmount; // Total order value in wei
uint256 deliveryDate; // Commitment date
string ipfsUri; // Full SDC4 document stored on IPFS
}
Off-Chain (IPFS):
ipfs://QmXyZ123.../purchase-order-PO123456.xml
→ Contains the complete SDC4 XML instance
Validation: Before committing to blockchain, smart contract:
- Retrieves XSD schema hash from registry
- Validates SDC4 instance against schema (off-chain oracle or ZK proof)
- Verifies buyer/supplier signatures (Attestation)
- Only then accepts the PO
Processed via: Smart contract execution, IPFS/Arweave storage, oracle validation
The Key Insight
It's the same data model in all three environments!
- X12: Pipe-delimited legacy format (for backwards compatibility)
- SDC4: Modern XML/JSON with schema validation
- Smart Contract: Blockchain-native with off-chain storage
The structure and semantics are identical. Only the transport and storage mechanisms differ.
Smart Contract Integration Examples
Example 1: Ethereum Purchase Order Escrow
Scenario: Buyer creates purchase order. Smart contract holds payment in escrow until delivery confirmed.
Smart Contract (Solidity):
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
contract PurchaseOrderEscrow {
// SDC4 Schema Registry
address public schemaRegistry;
struct PurchaseOrder {
bytes32 schemaHash; // SDC4 schema hash
bytes32 instanceHash; // SDC4 instance data hash
address buyer;
address supplier;
uint256 amount; // Total in wei
uint256 deliveryDeadline;
string ipfsUri; // Complete SDC4 doc on IPFS
POStatus status;
bool buyerSigned;
bool supplierSigned;
}
enum POStatus { Created, Accepted, Shipped, Delivered, Completed, Disputed }
mapping(bytes32 => PurchaseOrder) public purchaseOrders;
event POCreated(bytes32 indexed poHash, address buyer, address supplier);
event POAccepted(bytes32 indexed poHash);
event FundsReleased(bytes32 indexed poHash, uint256 amount);
// Create PO with SDC4 validation
function createPurchaseOrder(
bytes32 _schemaHash,
bytes32 _instanceHash,
address _supplier,
uint256 _deliveryDeadline,
string memory _ipfsUri,
bytes memory _validationProof // ZK proof or oracle signature
) external payable {
// Verify schema is registered
require(
ISchemaRegistry(schemaRegistry).isValidSchema(_schemaHash),
"Invalid SDC4 schema"
);
// Verify instance validates against schema
require(
validateInstance(_instanceHash, _schemaHash, _validationProof),
"SDC4 instance validation failed"
);
// Verify payment matches PO total (extracted from SDC4 doc)
uint256 expectedAmount = extractTotalAmount(_ipfsUri);
require(msg.value == expectedAmount, "Payment mismatch");
bytes32 poHash = keccak256(abi.encodePacked(_instanceHash, block.timestamp));
purchaseOrders[poHash] = PurchaseOrder({
schemaHash: _schemaHash,
instanceHash: _instanceHash,
buyer: msg.sender,
supplier: _supplier,
amount: msg.value,
deliveryDeadline: _deliveryDeadline,
ipfsUri: _ipfsUri,
status: POStatus.Created,
buyerSigned: true, // Implicit via tx
supplierSigned: false
});
emit POCreated(poHash, msg.sender, _supplier);
}
// Supplier accepts PO
function acceptPurchaseOrder(bytes32 _poHash) external {
PurchaseOrder storage po = purchaseOrders[_poHash];
require(msg.sender == po.supplier, "Not supplier");
require(po.status == POStatus.Created, "Invalid status");
po.supplierSigned = true;
po.status = POStatus.Accepted;
emit POAccepted(_poHash);
}
// Supplier confirms shipment (with SDC4 856 ASN)
function confirmShipment(
bytes32 _poHash,
bytes32 _asnInstanceHash, // SDC4 856 Advanced Ship Notice
string memory _asnIpfsUri
) external {
PurchaseOrder storage po = purchaseOrders[_poHash];
require(msg.sender == po.supplier, "Not supplier");
require(po.status == POStatus.Accepted, "Invalid status");
// TODO: Validate ASN references this PO
po.status = POStatus.Shipped;
}
// Buyer confirms delivery
function confirmDelivery(bytes32 _poHash) external {
PurchaseOrder storage po = purchaseOrders[_poHash];
require(msg.sender == po.buyer, "Not buyer");
require(po.status == POStatus.Shipped, "Invalid status");
// Release funds to supplier
po.status = POStatus.Completed;
payable(po.supplier).transfer(po.amount);
emit FundsReleased(_poHash, po.amount);
}
// Validation helper (simplified - would use oracle or ZK proof)
function validateInstance(
bytes32 _instanceHash,
bytes32 _schemaHash,
bytes memory _proof
) internal view returns (bool) {
// In production: Call Chainlink oracle or verify ZK proof
// Oracle would fetch IPFS doc, validate against XSD, return signature
return true; // Placeholder
}
// Extract total from SDC4 doc (simplified)
function extractTotalAmount(string memory _ipfsUri) internal pure returns (uint256) {
// In production: Parse SDC4 XML, find Summary/Total Amount component
// For now, assume passed separately or use oracle
return 0; // Placeholder
}
}
Key SDC4 Integration Points:
- Schema Hash: Ensures all parties use same data model version
- Instance Hash: Cryptographic proof of data integrity
- IPFS Storage: Complete SDC4 document stored off-chain (immutable)
- Validation: Schema validation before acceptance (prevents garbage)
- Cross-Document References: ASN (856) can reference PO via component IDs
Example 2: Solana Supply Chain Tracking
Scenario: Track product movement using SDC4 856 Advanced Ship Notices
Solana Program (Rust):
use anchor_lang::prelude::*;
use sha2::{Sha256, Digest};
declare_id!("Fg6PaFpoGXkYsidMpWTK6W2BeZ7FEfcYkg476zPFsLnS");
#[program]
pub mod sdc4_supply_chain {
use super::*;
pub fn create_shipment(
ctx: Context<CreateShipment>,
schema_hash: [u8; 32],
instance_hash: [u8; 32],
ipfs_cid: String,
origin: String, // SDC4 Location component
destination: String, // SDC4 Location component
expected_delivery: i64
) -> Result<()> {
let shipment = &mut ctx.accounts.shipment;
// Verify SDC4 schema is registered
require!(
is_valid_schema(&schema_hash),
ErrorCode::InvalidSchema
);
shipment.schema_hash = schema_hash;
shipment.instance_hash = instance_hash;
shipment.ipfs_cid = ipfs_cid;
shipment.shipper = ctx.accounts.shipper.key();
shipment.origin = origin;
shipment.destination = destination;
shipment.expected_delivery = expected_delivery;
shipment.status = ShipmentStatus::Created;
shipment.created_at = Clock::get()?.unix_timestamp;
emit!(ShipmentCreated {
shipment: shipment.key(),
instance_hash,
ipfs_cid: shipment.ipfs_cid.clone()
});
Ok(())
}
pub fn update_location(
ctx: Context<UpdateLocation>,
location_component_hash: [u8; 32], // SDC4 Location Cluster hash
latitude: i64,
longitude: i64,
timestamp: i64
) -> Result<()> {
let shipment = &mut ctx.accounts.shipment;
// Add location checkpoint
shipment.checkpoints.push(LocationCheckpoint {
component_hash: location_component_hash,
latitude,
longitude,
timestamp,
recorded_by: ctx.accounts.recorder.key()
});
shipment.status = ShipmentStatus::InTransit;
Ok(())
}
pub fn confirm_delivery(ctx: Context<ConfirmDelivery>) -> Result<()> {
let shipment = &mut ctx.accounts.shipment;
require!(
ctx.accounts.receiver.key() == shipment.destination_pubkey,
ErrorCode::UnauthorizedReceiver
);
shipment.status = ShipmentStatus::Delivered;
shipment.delivered_at = Some(Clock::get()?.unix_timestamp);
emit!(ShipmentDelivered {
shipment: shipment.key(),
delivered_at: shipment.delivered_at.unwrap()
});
Ok(())
}
}
#[account]
pub struct Shipment {
pub schema_hash: [u8; 32], // SDC4 856 ASN schema
pub instance_hash: [u8; 32], // SDC4 instance data hash
pub ipfs_cid: String, // Full SDC4 doc on IPFS
pub shipper: Pubkey,
pub origin: String, // SDC4 Location component
pub destination: String,
pub destination_pubkey: Pubkey,
pub expected_delivery: i64,
pub status: ShipmentStatus,
pub created_at: i64,
pub delivered_at: Option<i64>,
pub checkpoints: Vec<LocationCheckpoint>,
}
#[derive(AnchorSerialize, AnchorDeserialize, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub enum ShipmentStatus {
Created,
InTransit,
Delivered,
Exception
}
#[derive(AnchorSerialize, AnchorDeserialize, Clone)]
pub struct LocationCheckpoint {
pub component_hash: [u8; 32], // Hash of SDC4 Location Cluster
pub latitude: i64, // Fixed-point representation
pub longitude: i64,
pub timestamp: i64,
pub recorded_by: Pubkey // IoT device or carrier
}
#[event]
pub struct ShipmentCreated {
pub shipment: Pubkey,
pub instance_hash: [u8; 32],
pub ipfs_cid: String
}
#[event]
pub struct ShipmentDelivered {
pub shipment: Pubkey,
pub delivered_at: i64
}
Key SDC4 Features Used:
- Location Cluster: Reusable across all checkpoints
- Component Hashing: Each location update references SDC4 component
- IPFS Storage: Complete 856 ASN stored immutably
- Cross-Chain Compatibility: Same schema works on Ethereum too!
Schema Validation in Trustless Systems
The Challenge
In centralized systems: Trust the server to validate data
In decentralized systems: No one to trust! Smart contracts must verify data themselves.
Problem: XSD schema validation is computationally expensive. Can't run full validation on-chain (gas costs would be prohibitive).
Solution 1: Oracle-Based Validation
Architecture:
1. User creates SDC4 document off-chain
2. Submits to validation oracle (Chainlink, etc.)
3. Oracle:
- Fetches XSD schema
- Validates XML instance
- Returns signed validation result
4. Smart contract verifies oracle signature
5. If valid, accept the data
Example (Chainlink Oracle Request):
contract SDC4Validator {
using Chainlink for Chainlink.Request;
address private oracle;
bytes32 private jobId;
uint256 private fee;
mapping(bytes32 => ValidationResult) public validations;
struct ValidationResult {
bytes32 instanceHash;
bool isValid;
string errorMessage;
uint256 timestamp;
}
function requestValidation(
string memory ipfsUri,
bytes32 schemaHash
) public returns (bytes32 requestId) {
Chainlink.Request memory req = buildChainlinkRequest(
jobId,
address(this),
this.fulfillValidation.selector
);
req.add("ipfsUri", ipfsUri);
req.addBytes("schemaHash", abi.encodePacked(schemaHash));
req.add("validationType", "XSD_SCHEMA");
return sendChainlinkRequest(req, fee);
}
function fulfillValidation(
bytes32 _requestId,
bytes32 _instanceHash,
bool _isValid,
string memory _errorMessage
) public recordChainlinkFulfillment(_requestId) {
validations[_instanceHash] = ValidationResult({
instanceHash: _instanceHash,
isValid: _isValid,
errorMessage: _errorMessage,
timestamp: block.timestamp
});
emit ValidationCompleted(_instanceHash, _isValid);
}
}
Oracle (Off-Chain Service):
from lxml import etree
import requests
def validate_sdc4_instance(ipfs_uri, schema_hash):
# Fetch SDC4 instance from IPFS
instance_xml = requests.get(f"https://ipfs.io/ipfs/{ipfs_uri}").content
# Fetch schema from registry (or IPFS)
schema_url = get_schema_url(schema_hash)
schema_doc = etree.parse(schema_url)
schema = etree.XMLSchema(schema_doc)
# Validate
instance_doc = etree.fromstring(instance_xml)
is_valid = schema.validate(instance_doc)
if is_valid:
return {
"instance_hash": hash_xml(instance_xml),
"is_valid": True,
"error_message": ""
}
else:
return {
"instance_hash": hash_xml(instance_xml),
"is_valid": False,
"error_message": str(schema.error_log)
}
Solution 2: Zero-Knowledge Proofs
More Advanced: Generate ZK proof that "this XML validates against this XSD schema" without revealing the full document.
Benefits:
- Privacy-preserving (don't expose business data)
- On-chain verification is cheap (just verify the proof)
- No oracle needed (trustless)
Conceptual Flow:
1. User creates SDC4 document
2. Generates ZK-SNARK proof:
"I have an XML document with hash H that validates against schema S"
3. Submits proof to smart contract
4. Smart contract verifies proof (cheap!)
5. Accepts data without seeing details
Example (Pseudocode - zkSNARKs are complex):
contract SDC4ZKValidator {
// Verification key for XSD validation circuit
bytes32 public verificationKey;
function verifySDC4Instance(
bytes32 instanceHash,
bytes32 schemaHash,
uint256[8] calldata proof // ZK-SNARK proof
) public view returns (bool) {
// Verify the proof
// Proof asserts: "instanceHash validates against schemaHash"
return zkVerify(verificationKey, proof, [instanceHash, schemaHash]);
}
}
Status: This is cutting-edge research. zkXML projects exist but aren't production-ready yet. SDC4 is positioned to be the first data standard to leverage this when mature.
The Oracle Problem: Solved
What is the Oracle Problem?
Definition: Smart contracts can't access off-chain data directly. They need "oracles" to bring external data on-chain.
The Trust Issue: How do you trust the oracle? If it lies, the smart contract executes incorrectly.
Current Oracle Approaches
Chainlink: Decentralized oracle networks with reputation staking Band Protocol: Delegated proof-of-stake oracle network UMA: Optimistic Oracle with dispute resolution
Problem: These verify the oracle is honest, but don't verify the data is correct.
SDC4's Oracle Enhancement
Key Insight: With SDC4, oracles can provide cryptographic proof of data validity.
Enhanced Oracle Flow:
1. Oracle receives request: "Get purchase order PO123456 from Walmart"
2. Oracle fetches SDC4 document from source (Walmart's API, IPFS, etc.)
3. Oracle validates SDC4 instance against registered XSD schema
4. Oracle extracts relevant data (total amount, delivery date, etc.)
5. Oracle signs a package containing:
- Original SDC4 instance hash
- Schema hash
- Validation result
- Extracted data
- Timestamp
6. Smart contract verifies oracle signature and schema hash
7. Contract trusts extracted data because it's provably derived from valid SDC4
Example:
struct OracleResponse {
bytes32 instanceHash; // Hash of complete SDC4 doc
bytes32 schemaHash; // Schema used for validation
bool validationPassed; // Did it validate?
bytes extractedData; // Specific fields needed (ABI-encoded)
uint256 timestamp;
bytes signature; // Oracle's signature over all above
}
function processOracleData(OracleResponse memory response) public {
// Verify oracle signature
require(
verifyOracleSignature(response),
"Invalid oracle signature"
);
// Verify schema is trusted
require(
trustedSchemas[response.schemaHash],
"Untrusted schema"
);
// Verify validation passed
require(response.validationPassed, "Data validation failed");
// Now trust the extracted data
(uint256 totalAmount, uint256 deliveryDate) = abi.decode(
response.extractedData,
(uint256, uint256)
);
// Use in contract logic
processPayment(totalAmount);
}
Benefit: The oracle can't lie about structured data because the schema validation is verifiable. If validation passed, the data structure is guaranteed correct.
Cross-Chain Interoperability
The Vision: Write Once, Run Anywhere
Same SDC4 Purchase Order works on:
- Ethereum (EVM)
- Solana (Rust)
- Cardano (Plutus)
- Polkadot (Substrate)
- Cosmos (CosmWasm)
- Future chains not yet invented
How It Works
1. Universal Schema Registry
Deploy SDC4 schema hashes to all chains:
// On every chain (same contract)
contract SDC4SchemaRegistry {
mapping(bytes32 => SchemaInfo) public schemas;
struct SchemaInfo {
bytes32 hash;
string ipfsUri; // XSD schema on IPFS
uint256 version;
bool active;
}
function registerSchema(
bytes32 _hash,
string memory _ipfsUri,
uint256 _version
) public onlyGovernance {
schemas[_hash] = SchemaInfo({
hash: _hash,
ipfsUri: _ipfsUri,
version: _version,
active: true
});
}
}
2. Chain-Agnostic Storage
Store SDC4 documents on IPFS/Arweave (decentralized, chain-agnostic):
ipfs://QmXyZ.../purchase-order-PO123456.xml
3. Cross-Chain Messaging
Use bridges (Wormhole, LayerZero, Axelar) to pass SDC4 hashes between chains:
Ethereum Contract:
function createPurchaseOrder(/* ... */) external {
bytes32 poHash = /* create PO */;
// Send message to Solana
sendCrossChainMessage(
SOLANA_CHAIN_ID,
abi.encode(poHash, ipfsUri, totalAmount)
);
}
Solana Program:
pub fn receive_purchase_order(
ctx: Context<ReceivePO>,
po_hash: [u8; 32],
ipfs_uri: String,
total_amount: u64
) -> Result<()> {
// Verify same schema hash
require!(
ctx.accounts.schema_registry.is_valid(&po_hash),
ErrorCode::InvalidSchema
);
// Create corresponding Solana account
let po = &mut ctx.accounts.purchase_order;
po.ethereum_hash = po_hash;
po.ipfs_uri = ipfs_uri;
po.amount = total_amount;
Ok(())
}
Result: Purchase order created on Ethereum is instantly recognized on Solana because they share the same SDC4 schema registry and IPFS storage.
Use Case: Multi-Chain Supply Chain
Scenario: Automotive manufacturer uses Ethereum for payments, Solana for high-speed tracking, Polkadot for IoT data aggregation.
Flow:
- Purchase Order (Ethereum): Buyer commits payment to escrow contract
- SDC4 850 PO stored on IPFS
- PO hash sent to Solana via bridge
- Shipment Tracking (Solana): Fast, cheap location updates
- SDC4 856 ASN created
- Real-time location checkpoints
- ASN hash sent to Polkadot via bridge
- IoT Sensor Data (Polkadot): Temperature, humidity monitoring
- SDC4 custom sensor data model
- Parachain aggregates readings
- Alerts sent to Ethereum/Solana
- Delivery Confirmation: Multi-signature release
- Ethereum contract releases payment
- Solana program confirms delivery
- Polkadot validates sensor data was within spec
All chains share the same SDC4 schemas. Data flows seamlessly because structure is universal, only execution environments differ.
Supply Chain Finance Use Case
Complete End-to-End Example
Parties:
- Supplier: Automotive parts manufacturer
- Buyer: Ford Motor Company
- Logistics: DHL
- Financier: Smart contract escrow / DeFi lending protocol
Transaction Flow with SDC4:
Step 1: Purchase Order (Ethereum)
Ford creates SDC4 850 PO:
<sdc4:dm-po123456>
<dm-label>Ford Purchase Order</dm-label>
<sdc4:ms-header>
<label>PO Header</label>
<sdc4:ms-po-number>
<label>PO Number</label>
<xdstring-value>FORD-PO-2025-001234</xdstring-value>
</sdc4:ms-po-number>
<sdc4:ms-total-amount>
<label>Total Amount</label>
<magnitude>500000.00</magnitude>
<units>USD</units>
</sdc4:ms-total-amount>
<!-- ... -->
</sdc4:ms-header>
</sdc4:dm-po123456>
Smart contract:
function createPO(bytes32 instanceHash, string ipfsUri) payable {
require(msg.value == 500000 ether); // Or stablecoin
purchaseOrders[instanceHash] = PO({
buyer: msg.sender,
supplier: SUPPLIER_ADDRESS,
amount: msg.value,
status: POStatus.Created
});
}
Step 2: Supplier Accepts & Requests Financing
Supplier signs acceptance, requests advance payment from DeFi protocol:
function requestFinancing(bytes32 poHash) external {
PO memory po = purchaseOrders[poHash];
require(msg.sender == po.supplier);
// DeFi protocol advances 80% of PO value
uint256 advance = po.amount * 80 / 100;
lendingProtocol.advance(msg.sender, advance, poHash);
}
Step 3: Shipment Notice (Solana)
Supplier ships goods, creates SDC4 856 ASN on Solana:
pub fn create_asn(
ctx: Context<CreateASN>,
po_hash: [u8; 32],
asn_instance_hash: [u8; 32],
ipfs_uri: String
) -> Result<()> {
// Link ASN to PO via component reference
let asn = &mut ctx.accounts.asn;
asn.po_reference = po_hash;
asn.instance_hash = asn_instance_hash;
asn.ipfs_uri = ipfs_uri;
asn.status = ASNStatus.InTransit;
Ok(())
}
Step 4: Delivery & Payment Release (Ethereum)
Ford confirms delivery, triggers payment:
function confirmDelivery(bytes32 poHash, bytes32 asnHash) external {
PO storage po = purchaseOrders[poHash];
require(msg.sender == po.buyer);
// Verify ASN exists on Solana (via bridge oracle)
require(
solanaOracle.verifyASN(asnHash),
"ASN not confirmed on Solana"
);
// Release payment to supplier
payable(po.supplier).transfer(po.amount);
// DeFi protocol receives repayment
lendingProtocol.repay(poHash);
}
Benefits of SDC4 in This Flow
- Universal Data Model: Same PO schema on Ethereum and Solana
- Cryptographic Linking: ASN references PO via component hash
- Automated Validation: Smart contracts verify schema compliance
- Audit Trail: Every step recorded on blockchain with SDC4 Attestation
- Interoperability: DeFi protocols can parse SDC4 to assess credit risk
Transition Roadmap: Legacy to Web3
Phase 1: Hybrid Systems (NOW - 2026)
Keep existing EDI, add SDC4 layer
Architecture:
Legacy X12 System
↓
Converter ← → SDC4 Repository → Smart Contract Adapters
↓ ↓
Traditional VAN/AS2 Ethereum/Solana
Activities:
- Convert X12 850/856/810 to SDC4 internally
- Store SDC4 on IPFS for immutability
- Record hashes on blockchain (proof of existence)
- Continue sending X12 to legacy partners
- Send SDC4 to progressive partners
Benefits:
- No disruption to existing business
- Build SDC4 competency
- Early blockchain experimentation
- Data preserved in modern format
Phase 2: Smart Contract Pilots (2026-2027)
Select specific transactions for blockchain execution
Target Use Cases:
- High-value purchase orders (>$100K)
- International shipments (complex routing)
- Multi-party transactions (multiple suppliers)
Architecture:
SDC4 Repository
↓
Smart Contract Middleware
↓
Multiple Blockchains (Ethereum, Solana, Polygon)
↓
Oracle Network (Chainlink)
↑
IPFS/Arweave (Document Storage)
Activities:
- Deploy SDC4 schema registry on-chain
- Implement oracle validation
- Create escrow contracts for payment
- Integrate with existing ERP systems
Success Metrics:
- Transaction cost < $5 per PO (gas + oracle)
- Validation time < 30 seconds
- 99.9% schema validation success rate
Phase 3: Decentralized Commerce Platform (2027-2029)
Build open marketplace using SDC4
Vision:
- Any buyer can discover suppliers
- Smart contracts handle escrow automatically
- Reputation based on on-chain transaction history
- No intermediary fees (eliminate VAN costs)
Architecture:
Decentralized SDC4 Marketplace
↓
Schema Registry (DAO-governed)
↓
Multi-Chain Smart Contracts
/ \
Ethereum Solana (+ others)
\ /
IPFS Storage Layer
↓
Oracle Network
Features:
- Supplier directory (on-chain profiles with SDC4 capability schemas)
- Automated RFQ (Request for Quote) matching
- Multi-signature purchase orders
- Supply chain finance (integrated DeFi)
- Dispute resolution (on-chain arbitration)
Phase 4: Web3 Native (2029+)
New businesses born decentralized
Characteristics:
- No legacy EDI infrastructure
- SDC4 from day one
- Smart contracts for all B2B transactions
- DAO governance for schemas
- Token incentives for data quality
The Future State:
- X12/EDIFACT are legacy footnotes
- SDC4 is the universal B2B data standard
- Every purchase order is a smart contract
- Supply chains are fully transparent
- Trust is cryptographic, not contractual
Why Now? The Perfect Moment
Three Converging Trends
1. Legacy System Crisis
- X12 4010 systems from 1990s failing
- VAN costs unsustainable
- Talent shortage (EDI specialists retiring)
- Urgency for modernization
2. Web3 Infrastructure Maturity
- Layer 2 scaling (Polygon, Arbitrum, Optimism) makes transactions cheap
- Oracles are production-ready (Chainlink, Band)
- IPFS/Arweave provide reliable decentralized storage
- Cross-chain bridges work reliably
- Technical readiness achieved
3. Enterprise Blockchain Adoption
- IBM Food Trust, Walmart using blockchain for supply chain
- DHL, Maersk piloting smart contracts for shipping
- Major retailers experimenting with Web3
- Business acceptance growing
The SDC4 Advantage
We're not chasing blockchain hype. We built a data architecture for integrity, clarity, and interoperability over 25 years. It happens to be exactly what blockchain needs.
First-Mover Opportunity:
- No competing standard with our enterprise validation + Web3 readiness
- Patents on key architectural patterns (structure/semantics separation)
- 25-year head start on design refinement
- Real-world implementations (NIEM, FHIR, X12)
The market window is NOW. In 5 years, someone else will try to fill this gap. But they won't have our validation, our maturity, or our vision.
Next Steps
For EDI Practitioners
You've now seen:
- How X12 problems mirror Web3 problems
- How SDC4 solves both
- Concrete smart contract examples
- Transition path from legacy to Web3
Action: Start experimenting with SDC4 for internal use. Position your organization for the decentralized future.
For Blockchain Developers
You've now seen:
- A mature data standard ready for Web3
- Schema validation patterns for smart contracts
- Cross-chain interoperability via shared schemas
- Oracle enhancement strategies
Action: Integrate SDC4 into your dApps. Stop inventing custom schemas.
For Enterprise Leaders
You've now seen:
- The strategic vision: legacy → hybrid → Web3
- ROI on modernization
- First-mover advantage opportunity
- Risk mitigation through phased approach
Action: Fund a SDC4 pilot program. Position your company as a Web3 leader.
For Investors/VCs
You've now seen:
- $3+ trillion EDI market modernization opportunity
- $100B+ Web3 data layer market potential
- 25-year moat (design refinement, enterprise validation)
- Multiple revenue streams (licensing, SaaS, consulting, tokens)
Action: Let's talk funding. World domination requires capital.
Next Document: WEB3_DATA_LAYER_VISION.md - The complete vision for SDC4 as the universal data standard for decentralized systems.
Document Navigation: ← Previous: SDC4 Solution | Next: Web3 Data Layer Vision →
About This Documentation
This document describes the open SDC4 specification maintained by the Semantic Data Charter community.
Open Source:
- Specification: https://semanticdatacharter.com/ns/sdc4/
- GitHub: https://github.com/SemanticDataCharter
- License: CC BY 4.0
Commercial Implementation:
- SDCStudio: https://axius-sdc.com (by Axius SDC, Inc.)
See ABOUT_SDC4_AND_SDCSTUDIO.md for details.
*This document is part of the SDC4 X12 EDI Integration Guide series.* *Author: Timothy W. Cook (Founder, Axius SDC, Inc.) w/Claude (Anthropic AI Assistant)* *License: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)*